ACADEMY OF SAINT GABRIEL REPORT 1035 http://www.s-gabriel.org/1035 ************************************ From: 29 Jun 1998 Greetings from the Academy of Saint Gabriel! You wrote to us asking about the origin and use of the Germanic name and the origin and nationality of the byname . The name is indeed Germanic. We found many examples of that name in various forms, as well as a few names likely related. It appears to be a good continental West Germanic name that was used from at at least around 900 to some time after 1300, in some form: [1] Old Saxon [2] France 919 [2] France [2] France 926 [3] N. Germany [3] Germany 1220 [4] Germany 1278 [5] Germany 1135 [5] Germany 1145-1300 [5] Germany 1189-1297 The form is almost certainly German, originating as a name for a village entertainer, a jester or juggler; is German for "play, perform". We found a in Germany in 1200 [3]. We also found an Old English c.1095 [4]. In this case, the Old English occupational term , with the same meaning as its German cognate, has apparently become an actual given name. That is, had a father named . >From this evidence, we conclude that would be a fine 13th century German name. We hope this has been helpful, and that we can continue to assist you. Talan Gwynek, Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, and Arval Benicoeur contributed to this letter. In service, --Walraven van Nijmegen Academy of S. Gabriel [1] Gunter Mu:ller, _Studien zu den Theriophoren Personennamen der Germanen_ (Ko:ln, Bo:hlau Verlag, 1970) p.7 [2] Marie-Therese Morlet, _Les Noms de Personne sur le Territoire de l'Ancienne Gaule du VIe au XIIe Siecle_ (Paris: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1972) Vol.I, p.230b [3] Josef Karlmann Brechenmacher, _Etymologisches Worterbuch der Deutschen Familiennamen_ (Limburg: C.A. Stark-Verlag, 1957-1960) [4] Hans Bahlow, _Mittelhochdeutsches Namenbuch nach Schlesichen Quellen_ (Neustadt: Degener, 1975) [5] Adolf Socin, _Mittelhochdeutsches Namenbuch: Nach oberrheinischen Quellen des 12. und 13. Jahrhunderts_ (Hildesheim: Georg Olms Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1966) pp.38-9