ACADEMY OF SAINT GABRIEL REPORT 2152
http://www.s-gabriel.org/2152
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21 Nov 2000
From:  (Josh Mittleman)


Greetings from the Academy of Saint Gabriel!

You explained that you had chosen the name <Liadan ingen ui Lochlainn> for
a 9th-10th century Irishwoman, but were disappointed to be told that it
conflicts with the registered name <Liadan ingen Lochlainn>.  You asked us
to suggest some masculine given names that were used in northern Ireland in
your period so that you could insert one into your name to avoid the
conflict.  You also asked if the Irish created pet forms of given names,
like <Sue> from <Susan>, and what sort of pet name they might have created
from <Liadan>.  Here is what we have found.

We know three early medieval examples of <Li/adan> [1].  The slash
represents an acute accent mark on the preceding letter.  The name is a
good choice for the 9th or 10th century.  It was pronounced \LEE-@-d@n\,
where \@\ represents the sound of the 'a' in <about>.

The phrase <ingen ui/ Lochlainn> literally means "daughter of O/
Lochlainn".  In the 9th century, it was understand to mean "daughter of
Lochlainn's grandson".  From the 10th century onward, it was used less
literally to mean "female member of clan O/ Lochlainn".  Either way it's a
fine choice for your period and it was particularly common in the north of
Ireland [1, 6].  However, for your period we recommend the spelling <ingen
hui Lochlainn>, which was pronounced \EEN-y@n (w)ee LOHKH-lahn~\.  \KH\
represents the raspy <ch> sound in the Scottish word <loch> and the German
<Bach>.  \n~\ represents the sound of the <gn> in <lasagna> or French
<montagne>.  \(w)\ represents a lightly-pronounced consonantal \w\.


Discussing the SCA College of Arms' rules on name conflict is beyond the
Academy's scope [2], but we can suggest some variations on your name that
may avoid the conflict.  As you noted, one approach is to add your father's
name to create something like <Li/adan ingen F.lainn hui Lochlainn>
"Li/adan daughter of Flann O/ Lochlainn".  This style of name is quite
common in early medieval Irish records.  Another simple approach is to
change your clan name, e.g. <Li/adan ingen hui Chonaill> "Li/adan of clan
O/ Conaill".  In the first example, the dot in <F.lainn> represents a dot
over the 'F'.  It indicates a softening in pronunciation that, in this
case, results in a silent letter.

A third approach is to identify yourself as your paternal grandfather's
descendent.  We found a 10th century woman in Ulster called <Ligach ingin
m. Mael Sechlainn> "Ligach daughter of the son of Ma/el Sechlainn" [4].  In
her name, <m.> is an abbreviation for <mic>, the genitive (possessive) form
of <mac>.  Following that pattern, you could name yourself <Li/adan ingen
mic Lochlainn>, pronounced \LEE-@-d@n EEN-y@n veek LOHKH-lahn~\.  We should
note that while we think this name should be clear of the conflict you're
trying to avoid, we aren't sure how the College of Arms would see it.


Here is a list of some men's names recorded in the Annals of Ulster for the
early 9th century, showing only their given names and patronymic bynames
[5].  The abbreviation <m.> means <mac> in these examples.  This annal may
have been written long after the event described, so some of the spellings
may be inappropriate for your period.  Once you choose one or two names
that interest you, feel free to check with us to make sure you've got the
spelling, grammar, and pronunciation correct.

   Diarmait m. Neill                  Mael Duin m. Sechnusaigh
   Niall m. Diarmata                  Tuathal m Fianghalaigh
   Art m. Diarmata                    Riacan m. Finshnechti
   Mael Duin m. Gormghaile            Cathal m. Murgusso
   Artrach m. Muirgusa                Bran m. Faelain                
   Muiredach m. Ruadhrach             Cumuscach m. Conghalaigh
   Cinaedh m. Mughroin                Euganan m. Oengusa
   Drucan m. Taidhg                   Bran m. Oengussa
   Oengus m. Donnchada                Ed m. Boanta
   Follomhan m. Donncadha             Cinaedha m. Coscraidh
   Finsnechta m. Bodhbcodha           Aedh m. Dunchada
   Cinaedh m. Echdach                 Conaing m. Flaind
   Cinaedh m. Artrach                 Mael Duin m. Conaill
   Diarmait m. Ruadrach               Dungal m. Ferghaile
   Conchobur m. Donnchada             Arttagan m. Domnaill
   Ruaidri m. Maele Fothartaigh       Ruargg m. Broin
   Cobthaidh m. Maele Duin            Cinaedh m. Con Roi
   Oengus m. Fergusa                  Mael Mithigh m. Cinaedha
   Ceallach m. Brain                  Donncadha m. Fhollomain
   Cinaedh m. Conaing                 Flainn m. Mael Ruanaig
   Suibhne m. Artrach                 Mael Sechnaill m. Mael Ruanaid
   Concobur m. Ailello                Cathal m. Ailello
   Conghalach m. Oenghusa             Connmhach m. Coscraigh
   Cinaedh m. Neill m. Aedha          Niall m. Aedha
   Echaidh m. Con Chongalt            Mael Duin m. Conaill
   Muirchertach m. Gormghaile         Niall m. Cinn Faeladh
   Ferghus m. Bodhbcadha              Rigan m. Fergusa
   Dunadhaigh m. Scannlain            Moghron m. Diarmota
   Coirpri m. Maele Duin              Aedh m. Cathrannaigh

In our study of medieval Irish names, we have found only one clear example
of a pet name formed by shortening the full name: <Nuala>, a pet form of
<Fionnghuala>, popular since the 13th century [1, 3].  In your period, the
Irish formed masculine diminutives of given names in various ways, usually
by adding suffixes, like masculine <Eoganan> from <Eogan> [7].  We haven't
found analogous examples of feminine diminutives, and our general
understanding of this process is incomplete; so we can't recommend any way
of forming a diminutive of <Liadan>.


We hope this letter has been useful.  Please write us again if any part of
it has been unclear or if you have other questions.  I was assisted in
researching and writing this letter by Antonio Miguel Santos de Borja,
Aryanhwy merch Catmael, Africa neyn Kenneoch, Mari neyn Brian, Talan
Gwynek, Tangwystyl verch Morgant Glasvryn, Julie Stampnitzky, Walraven van
Nijmegen, Dietmar von Straubing, Juliana de Luna, Adelaide de Beaumont, 
Amant le Marinier, Blaise de Cormeilles, and Effrick neyn Kenneoch.

For the Academy,


  Arval Benicoeur
  21 Nov 2000


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References

[1] O/ Corra/in, Donnchadh and Fidelma Maguire, _Irish Names_ (Dublin: The
Lilliput Press, 1990), s.nn. Fionnghuala, Li/adan, Lochlainn.

[2] The CoA members in the Academy didn't all agree that <Liadan ingen ui/
Lochlainn> conflicts with <Liadan ingen Lochlainn>.  You may want to submit
your original choice and see what happens.  To avoid delay, you could
include an alternate version to be registered if your preferred form does
conflict.   You should talk to a senior herald in your kingdom to work out
the details.

[3] Stephen Beechinor, Beatrix Fa:rber, Daithi/ O/ Corra/in, ed., "Annals
of the Four Masters, Volume 3" (WWW: CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts: a
project of University College, Cork, Ireland, 2000), M1226.6.
http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100005C/

[4] Donnchadh O/ Corra/in & Mavis Cournane, "The Annals of Ulster" (WWW:
CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts: a project of University College, Cork,
Ireland, 1997), entry U923.7.  Similar constructions appear in entries
U962.7, U1035.2, U1080.4, U1171.6.
http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100001

[5] Annals of Ulster, U826.1 to 846.6.

[6] Annals of Ulster, U1023.4, mentions <Lochlainn m. Mael Shechlainn>

[7]  O/ Corra/in, Donnchadh, ed., "Annals of Tigernach" (WWW: CELT: Corpus
of Electronic Texts: a project of University College, Cork, Ireland, 1996), 
T667.2, T660.5.
http://www.ucc.ie/celt/online/G100002/