Robin, some years ago we corresponded about an idea and paper of yours, "futarchy". One of the points we seemed to disagree on was this: In the course of addressing possible problems, you predicted (1) that unclear proposals would be thinly traded, and you also predicted (2) that side interests could not prevail because interested parties could not budge the price. I felt this was a contradiction, and that an opaque proposal could be used to suppress general trading (by 1) and thereby allow side interests to escape the consequences of (2). Having given the matter some further thought in the meantime, I believe the problem might be tamed by requiring that proposals be expressed in controlled language and by making the threshhold of enactment a function of a proposal's complexity. That fact that a proposal is expressed in controlled language makes measuring its complexity more reasonable. That said, I don't think it will be simple because vocabulary is an issue. I have some further thoughts on that, but they can wait. For reference, ACE (Attempto Controlled English) is an example of a controlled language. I'm not neccessarily proposing using ACE.