Category: Currency

Economics Update

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In terms of market stability, Carlyle Capital share prices have tripled after Carlyle Group co-founder David Rubinstein said that it was looking at ways to compensate investors.

I’m not sure how much it means. The collapse of Carlyle Capital, that was so yesterday….hold it….it actually WAS yesterday.

Today, it’s Bear Stearns, which gets its own thread for reasons of personal ego.

Inflation in February was 0%, largely due to some moderation in food and energy, which won’t happen in March, given that oil is still at around $110/bbl, and the dollar is still tanking.

In insurance, it appears that losses are approaching the levels of Katrina, though we are probably less than 1/3 of the way through this.

Economics Update

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It’s been a busy day today, largely due to the imminent collapse of Carlyle Capital, the investment bank of the Carlyle group.

Lenders are seizing its assets:

By yesterday the fund had defaulted on $16.6 billion of debt and said it expected to default soon on its remaining debt. The fund’s $21.7 billion in assets were exclusively in AAA mortgage-backed securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, traditionally considered secure and conservative investments, which it was using as collateral against its loans.

They could not meet margin calls, and their share price has fallen 90%. See also here.

Paul Krugman has a very amusing comment, that the “Carlyle Group should have stuck to what it knows. It’s great at the merchant of death thing; at investment banking, not so much“.

It’s not entirely accurate, but still really funny, I used to work for the Carlyle Group, but they sold me to buy Dunkin Donuts. Seriously. They sold United Defense, where I worked 2003-2006, to BAE Systems.

In any case, the collapse of the Carlyle Capital has the market worrying about other possible collapses, with the Times of London reporting that, “Several hedge funds with assets of more than $4 billion (£2 billion) were on the brink of collapse last night or had halted withdrawals, despite moves by the US Federal Reserve“.

This has also hit US currency with the dollar falling to a 12 year low vs the yen and an all time low vs. the Euro, see here, and here.

The Yen has fallen below ¥100:$1.00, ant the Euro hit a new record of €1.000:1.5625. We are talking big time ugly, and there is still the Yen carry trade, where people borrow low interest Yen and invest the money at higher interest elsewhere, that takes a hit when the Yen strengthened.

The falling dollar also drove the price of oil up to a new record, over $111/bbl, and is part, if not most of the reason that gold broke $1,000.00/oz as a part of the flight from the dollar and concerns about inflation.

There will be more pain.

Speaking of pain, retail sales fell in February by the largest month to month amount in 5 years, 1.1%. The preliminary numbers showing an increase that I reported a week ago were apparently just that, preliminary.

Note that this does not correct for inflation, so it’s even worse.

In it efforts to restructure, Chrysler is completely shutting down for 2 weeks in July, that’s everyone who is getting the vacation, not just the guys on the line for retooling. They are claiming that it will, “boost productivity and efficiency”, but my guess is that a lot of folks people will have their vacations extended to forever.

Finally, no monoliner insurer bad news today, or perhaps I missed in in everything else going on, but Countrywide Financial continues to see climbing foreclosures, with the Frbruary rate of 1.64% being more than twice that of a year ago of 0.80%.

I really think that the deal for Bank of America to buy them will fall through, because what looked like a decent deal a few months ago is increasingly looking like a significant overpayment.

Merrill Lynch Bear Says this Will be Ugly

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A prominent bear, Merril Lynch economist David Rosenberg, is saying that will be the worst one since the 1970s.

I think that it will be worse, because we are in a debtor economy, and bills will be coming due sooner, rather than later.

In fact, I think that some of the indicators may show it to be more profound than that of the 1930s.

Here’s why:

  • In the 1930s, we were a net exporter of oil, now we are a net importer of oil.
  • In the 1930s, the rest of the industrialized world was still suffering from the shocks of WWI, which had left the US largely unscathed.
  • The US was running a trade surplus.
  • The Federal government was running a budget surplus.
  • The amount of leverage and risk are far higher now than in 1930.
  • The US industrial base has been decimated over the past 35 years.
  • Consumer savings is non-existent.
  • We have crushing defense expenditures.
  • The dollar is overvalued, meaning that we will be experiencing a foreign exchange driven inflation.

Note, however, that but I’m an engineer, not an economist, dammit*!

*I love it when I get to go all Doctor McCoy!!!

Economics Update

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Oil has hit another new high, driven largely by the Dollar hitting a new low, though there has been some recovery since the Federal Reserve has agreed to issue at least another $200 billion, this time using mortgage backed securities, aka “Worthless Garbage”, as collateral.

I’m not sure that this will make a difference in the strength of the Dollar. It now appears that the United Arab Emirates is seriously considering dumping their dollar peg, which is clearly a step towards Euro denominated oil.

In today’s episode of really bad policy, it appears that Congress is moving toward privatizing profits and socializing losses in real estate, by expanding the loans that FHA insurance covers. Yep, this will work so well, like it did for MBIA and Ambac.

In more general investment news, Bear Stearns is tanking on concerns that it lacks sufficient liquidity to cover potential margin calls. It probably does not help that Moody’s has downgraded Bear Stearns Alt-A mortgage backed securities, more than half of those issued from 2005 through 2007. Ouch.

Subprime’s favorite whipping boy, Countrywide is going down like Elliot Spitzer’s hooker, the Bank of America offer is now a 32% premium, as versus a 9% premium 2 weeks ago, so people are thinking that BoA will just walk away.

In the world of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), we have had downgraded price targets on three Mortgage REITs.

What took them so long.

Finally, in things that make you say, Whiskey Tango Foxtrot, we have a report that, 20% of Silicon Valley startups cannot get to their working cash, because they invested it in Auction Rate Securities to get better rates of return, and that market is completely frozen.

Economics Update

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Oil hits another record, breaking $106/bbl, and the Dollar falls again another record against the Euro, and a 3 year low against the Yen.

As I’ve noted before, these are tied together. The expectation of a falling dollar pushes up the dollar denominated cost of oil to maintain the same global purchasing power.

Closer to home, the US lost 63,000 Jobs in February, which was an unexpected 5 year high.

Not surprisingly, this is accompanied by consumer confidence at a six year low.

Luckily for us, the Fed is riding to the rescue, and printing up more money to give to the jerks who screwed this up in the first place. The March money sales have been increased from $60 billion to $100 billion.

Carlyle Capital is being to forced to liquidate securities, one would assume well below purchase price, to meet its margin calls.

That’s what 32:1 leverage gets you.

The lenders are getting skittish, and they are starting to ask for some or all of their money back from hedge funds and other speculative entities.

And why shouldn’t they as the housing crash is chewing up their balance sheets like a great white shark.

So we have money fleeing to the safe haven of US treasuries, because they are expecting another shoe to drop, like, for example, the possibility that, Fitch Ratings might downgrade $160 billion in Alt-A mortgage backed securities, which is rumored to be imminent.

Economics Update

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Let’s lead off with the dollar on it’s way down, it’s at a 3-year low vs. the Yen, and a new record low vs. the Euro, which is one of the things that has oil breaking another all time record, $104/bbl.

The value of the dollar is dropping, so the price of oil, which is sold in dollars, is increasing. One wonders how many countries are considering a Euro oil bourse other than Iran.

In real estate, we have the largest drop in residential and commercial construction in 14 years.

So much for commercial real estate being “immune” from this contagion.

The poster child for the real estate meltdown, Countrywide, is still hemorrhaging on its mortgages, with 90 day delinquencies at 5.6% (up 900% from a year ago), and this is threatening to torpedo the deal with Bank of America to buy them out.

FWIW, there are more foreclosures than sales in a number of the states in the West, and Florida.

On the macro level, we have Warren Buffett saying that the recession is pretty much all ready here, and the president of the Philadelphia Federal Reserve saying that inflation is not important, and that the first priority is keeping the economy on track.

When a central banker says, “Inflation, no big deal”, you know that you are up a certain creek sans paddle.

Further evidence of a slowdown is the fact that Ford and Toyota sales declined in February. Ford having declines is not a shocker, but when Toyota is not selling cars, no one is selling cars.

The happy news is that the FDIC doesn’t see there being a surge in bank failures, though it does make one wonder why they are calling back retirees and generally staffing up.

They expect to be as busy as a one legged man in an ass-kicking contest.

In the world of municipal bonds, which should be safe-havens in a time like this, it appears that the costs are increasing, and the ratings falling, for municipal bonds, because of the collapse of the auction security markets.

In bond insurance, we have a new, or at least new to me, bond insurer bleeding, Security Capital’s to the tune of $1.5 billion on various complex investments.

It’s already been downgraded.

Finally, Buffet is now saying that his offer to buy the muni business of bond insurers is no longer operative.

Berkshire Hathaway is aggressively bidding on municipal bond portfolios, and as other insurers are downgraded, their position can only get stronger.

Economics Update

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We have bad news on income and spending. If you go to the link it says that they are both up slightly, 0.3% and 0.4% respectively, but this is less than inflation, which means that it is a real drop.

We also have oil at or near all time highs, and the dollar at or near all time lows.

We have a new estimate of total losses among financial firms from the meltdown, $600 billion. I think that they are off by at least one zero.

Insurance is continuing to unwind in a most unpleasant manner.

MBIA is not doing much in the way of business, because bond issuers don’t trust them to be solvent in the future.

Perhaps of more concern is that this is beginning to effect the reinsurance market, with Swiss Reinsurance Company posting an 87% drop in profits.

If this market goes south, it takes most of the insurance market with it.

Of course, we have the Fed shoveling out more money to the investors. It will auction off another $60 billion in March.

I don’t even want to think what the money supply is doing right now.

The credit crunch is also interfering with things like reorganizations, with Delphi unable to find the loans necessary for it to reorg under bankruptcy.

Finally, earnings fell across the market, with the S&P 500 companies’ earnings falling 4.2%, as opposed to the 10% increase forcast at the beginning of 2007.

Economics Update

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The dollar has flirted with crossing the $1.50:€1.00 for months, and not that it has crossed the barrier, it’s continuing to weaken to new lows, with it currently around $1.51:€1.00.

Of course, it doesn’t help that Alan Greenspan is suggesting that the Gulf states drop their pegs to the dollar. I guess that he’s shorting the dollar or something now that he is “retired”.

On the bright side, the falling dollars is attracting overseas investors to US real estate, as it is now cheaper to buy.

In California, we have the California association of realtors reporting that new home sales are down 29.8%, and median price is down 21.9%.

Make no mistake this is a blood bath, and the numbers would be worse if they corrected for home size. The housing market is collapsing from the bottom up.

It will get worse, Fannie Mae has posted a $3.6 billion q4 loss, and I would expect something similar from Freddie, and we are still very early in the collapse of the housing bubble.

We may very see the collapse of Fannie and Freddie in the next 3 or so years.

This may explain why new home sales nation wide are at a 13 year low and why Mortgage application volume is falling off a cliff.

It doesn’t help that mortgage rates are no longer following the Fed rates because of inflation fears.

As the big sh^%pile continues to collapse, we are starting to see the inevitable lawsuits, with HSH Nordbank deciding to file suit against UBS, alleging that, “UBS’s management of the portfolio has been in breach of its contractual obligations and fiduciary duties and that substitutions were made solely for the benefit of UBS”.

We’ll be seeing a lot more of this.

Testifying before Congress, Ben Bernanke is expressing concern about both inflation and recession, aka “stagflation”, though the Fed is still shoveling money out the door, with another $30 billion auction of cash for garbage.

In the world of more real world finance, where people make money by making things, durable goods orders fall 5.3% last month, but oil is down a bit after getting above $102 a barrel.

It’s under $100, for now, on expectation of a recession.

Economics Update

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It looks like the US dollar is trending downward on the expectation of further weakness in the US economy.

And in the late to the game category, business economists are finally predicting a recession.

This is not surprising, as Fed rate cuts are no longer effecting longer term rates, because people are expecting inflation to pick up, and do not wish to be repaid in devalued dollars.

It won’t help that bond insurer Ambac may be downgraded even if it manages to raise $3 billion in new capital.

The problem is that people are increasingly unable to sell their homes, as shown by a 23.4% year-over-year drop in existing home sales. That’s a collapse in the market.

So now, investors are lawyering up to go after corporate boards, on the theory that the guys on the boards are supposed to be professionals and to show a modicum of competence.

Pass the popcorn on this last one.

A New Study Shows that the “Rising Tide” Lifts Fewer Boats than Previously Counted

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A new study of purchasing power parity (PPP) is showing that living standards for the bulk of populations in developing countries are far lower than previously estimated.

Basically, the relative purchasing power of currencies have been miscalculated, giving an unrealistic picture of the living standards of the average person in what is sometimes called the “3rd World”.

It means that poverty and inequality are far higher than under previous estimates:

Suddenly the world has more poor. Incomes declined in emerging economies: down by 40 percent in China and India, 17 percent in Indonesia, 41 percent in the Philippines, 32 percent in South Africa and 24 percent in Argentina. For Indonesia, the decline was far worse than the Asian crisis, and for China and India, the decline was worse than the one experienced by Germany during the Great Depression. Yet hardly anyone noticed.

The event was the release of new estimates of purchasing power parity, or PPP. Measured as part of a large international endeavor called the International Comparison Program, PPP aims to accurately calculate a country’s economic power rather than simply dividing total national output by a country’s population.

It’s hard to see this as anything but a full bore refutation of the facts that the free trade zealots use.

Economics Update

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The European Commission is predicting higher inflation and slower growth for this year.

Because the European Central Bank has controlling inflation as its sole mission, as opposed to the Fed, which also has an obligation to maximize employment, I think that we will see no rate cuts from the ECB, and perhaps a rate hike, which means that the current, and any future rate cuts by the fed will increase downward pressure on the dollar.

In terms of the US economy, we have the index of leading indicators index falling for the 4th straight month, the Philadelphia Federal Reserve’s report on manufacturing activity fell sharply, to the lowest point in 6 years, and Philly Fed’s future general activity index, which looks forward about 6 months, fell to the lowest number since 1990.

On the brighter side, this has driven oil prices down, because a recession implies reduced demand for energy, to $97.31/bbl.

In real estate, we have Mark Zandi, chief economist and co-founder of Moody’s Economy.com, predicting that home prices will fall 20% from their peaks.

He’s an optomist. First, interest rates are going up, and second, you always get overshoot in a correction like this. I expect a 40%+ drop in real terms, though inflation will mask some of that.

We also have the spread between adjustable-rate and fixed-rate mortgages growing. This is an indication that lenders are expecting rates to go up in the relatively near future, and they don’t want to be locked into low return loans.

We are also seeing localities recognize that they are going to get hosed on bond issues because of the bond insurance crisis, paying higher rates on lower rated bonds.

Economics Update

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Note that this has been, for whatever reason, a busy news day, so this does not include news related to real estate or to the bond insurance crisis. Those will be posted later.

We have downward pressure on the dollar, because additional Fed rate cuts are anticipated.

Basically, the thought is that Fed rate cuts lead to lower interest rates, which make the dollar less attractive, because rates of return are less.

If I had the money, I would bet against this, because, as the latest rate cuts have showed, the Fed can no longer move rates down. We are in a Japan style liquidity trap.

We also have a type of investment that I have never heard of before, auction rate securities, which were sold as being as liquid as cash. They work by regularly re-auctioning the securities on a fairly frequent basis, allowing for people to sell easily, and for the rates to adjust to suit market conditions.

These are now becoming increasingly illiquid, with thousands of auctions failing, and Goldman Sachs refusing to let investors withdraw money from their investments when auctions fail to attract buyers.

UBS has notified its 8200 US brokers that it will not support these securities if the auction fails either.

FWIW, Paul Krugman has a very good editorial, even by his own ordinarily high standards, describing what is going wrong, and the consequences of this failure in terms that a layman like me can understand.

Related is the news that Citigroup is suspending withdrawals from its CSO Partners hedge fund.

In terms of the real economy, as opposed to high finance, we have the New York Federal reserve reporting that its Empire State Manufacturing Index fell nearly 21 points, from +9.03 in January to -11.72 in February. It was expected to fall, but only to +5.75.

The Financial Times is reporting that banks are being advised to walk away from the private equity deals that they are funding, because the penalties are far lower than the potential losses.

This would stop private equity buyouts in their tracks.

Economics Update

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First, it appears that the current credit crisis is now being recognized by some media outlets, such as the New York Times, as not being limited to subprime borrowers. Of course the story misses the fact that it’s not just mortgages, and the story that they use to illustrate the problem is a, “a computer engineer at Lockheed Martin who makes a six-figure income and had a stellar credit score in 2004, when he refinanced his home in Northern California to take cash out to pay for his daughter’s college tuition”, who is the last person we should think of bailing out.

He understood the issue, and took the loan anyway.

As to the general, and ongoing, credit meltdown, we have yet another New York Times story, this leading off with Sailfish Capital Partners, a hedge fund that is being liquidated.

The pair, both fixed-income specialists, quickly raised $1 billion for their flagship multi-strategy fixed-income fund, according to investor documents. Assets grew steadily, reaching $1.2 billion by the end of 2005 and $1.5 billion by the end of 2006, when the fund returned more than 12 percent. In July, the fund sat atop almost $2 billion, and exhibited relatively low volatility — a key factor for institutional investors.

But July proved treacherous. As the credit markets seized up, Sailfish owned seemingly safe top-rated investments, including mortgage investments, that suddenly plummeted in value.

Illiquidity will get worse, and this is one of what will be many stories,

And then we have Warren Buffet offering to buy the good assets of the bond inurers and so give them a capital injection (see also Also here).

Basically, he wants to buy the good stuff for pennies, and leave the sh%$pile for the monoliners to deal for later. Buffet ain’t dumb, this is thinking vulture capitalism.

We are starting to see adulatory coverage of the (very boring, but generally safe)municipal bond market, though I wonder what happens to resale value of the bonds if the monoliners go belly up before Jimmy Warren Buffet gets his hands on those assets.

Finally, we have the federal budget deficit more than doubling, which means that we have to borrow even more foreign money and more downward pressure on the dollar.


Economics Update

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The Fed cuts rates by 50 basis points.
The discount rate is now at or below the inflation rate, well below the inflation rate using real world inflation.

There are no longer any monetary tools to use that will work, it has to be fiscal (spending), because any lower, and the Fed is paying people to borrow money.

Still, it makes sense, as GDP growth in the 4th quarter was only at a .6% rate annual rate. When you consider the fact that inflation is (at least) 3%, this means that real GDP is falling at more than a 2% rate.

The dollar has fallen currently at $1.4761:€1.0000, and $1.0003:$1.0000 CDN, so the Canadian dollar is above unity again.

And the credit crunch is spreading all over the world, the Swiss bank UBS AG has reported its biggest loss ever, in US real-estate related issues.

We also have Morgan Stanley using some serious weasel words to not call its write downs a loss, when it, “reclassified $7 billion of funded assets and $279 million in unfunded assets from Level 2 to Level 3.”

Of course, the fact that the FBI has dropped some subpoenas on their asses isn’t good news eithr.

Lever 3 assets are ones in which buyers are not easy to find, and it’s rapidly getting to the point where the buyers are getting harder to find than straight Republicans.

It looks like the bond insurers will be downgraded below AAA, which in addition to closing off a lot of their business, and making it harder to raise capital, will likely force investment banks towrite down $70 billion more.

ECB Eschews Rate Cut

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The European Central Bank (ECB) has decided not to cut interest rates, but instead fucus on minimizing Euro zone inflation (here and here)

Given the different financial situations in Europe and the US, the Euro Zone is not having a housing collapse, this is not surprising. Additionally, the ECB does not have a portfolio is just controlling inflation, unemployment is not a part of its mission.

This does, however, limit the Fed, as it places yet more downward pressure on the US Dollar.

European Central Bank Executive Council Member Says that Currency Strength May Constrain Fed Actions

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I have been warning for some time that the US dollar, and the US economy is in a bad position because we are increasingly in a position where rate cuts can cause the US dollar to plummet, and while this may be good in the long term, it would move toward restoring the balance of trade, in the short term it leaves US policy makers with the choice between inflation and recession, and that the net result would probably involve both.*

Well, we now have a central banker at the European Central Bank, Lorenzo Bini-Smaghi, saying the same thing, when he, “warned that the tumbling dollar may now start to foreclose the option of US rate cuts and force the Fed to keep monetary policy tighter than it would like.”

The ECB is acknowledging that the Emperor has no clothes. While it seems mild, it’s actually a very strong statement, and it’s not the individual statement of one person. They don’t freelance that way.

*See here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, here, and here, with the last link being just as I started the blog, but I’ve been posting about this on a private BBS for about 6 years.

Bush’s North Korea Counterfeit Accusations Completely Bogus

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In May of last year, I made a couple of posts about how the accusations of the DPRK counterfeiting US dollars was bogus (here and here).

Now a McClatchy news investigation has found no evidence that to support these allegations (Bush lying, what a surprise).

If you look at my old articles, I finger the US intelligence services as being the most likely people to do this. They have the means, and opportunity, and as to motive, it allows them to hand out a suitcase full of cash without it appearing on budget.

Klaus Bender, the author of a book on the subject, “Moneymakers: The Secret World of Banknote Printing,” said that the phony $100 bill is “not a fake anymore. It’s an illegal parallel print of a genuine note.”

“It goes way beyond what normal counterfeiters are able to do,” said Bender, whose book first spotlighted the improbability of North Korean supernotes. “And it is so elaborate (and expensive) it doesn’t pay for the counterfeiting anymore.”

Bender claims that the supernotes are of such high quality and are updated so frequently that they could be produced only by a U.S. government agency such as the CIA.

As unsubstantiated as the allegation is, there is a precedent. In his new book on the history of the CIA, journalist Tim Weiner detailed how the agency tried to undermine the Soviet Union’s economy by counterfeiting its currency.

UK Per Capita GDP Exceeds the US

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Interestingly enough, the Times of London screws up the hed, titling it UK Living Standards Outstrip US, which is inaccurate.

In terms of standard of living, when you look at things like health care costs, university costs, decent transit alternatives to autos, and a social safety net, western Europe has been ahead of the US for well over a decade.

A number of people have blown this off as an “artifact” of currency changes, but the fact of the matter is that the $US has been artificially high since at least the end of WWII, because of the US dollar’s preeminent position as the world’s reserve currency.